I believe Einstein was the first to say that the universe is finite but unbounded. That it is closed. If this is true the form of the universe is that of the surface of an expanding hypersphere or 4 dimensional sphere. And it is gravity that forms this sphere. Gravity curves in the 4th dimension. But what about moving in the 4th dimension?
If the universe is the surface a 4 sphere it has a center. What is happening is we are moving away from the center as the 4D surface expands(the closed universe grows.) The surface is moving in the 4th dimension away from the center. We see this as space stretching inbetween the galaxies.
And by moving in the first 3 dimensions of space we are navigating the very surface of this hypersphere. We can travel its expanding circumference in other words. These motions space expansion(space literally stretching) and navigating the 4 sphere circumference are both motions in the 4th dimension.
I believe this cosmology, Einstein's Closed Cosmology, is the future. Who can put together this expanding hypersphere mathematically? From the evidence it appears that we will have an infinite future in which to do this.
You might ask why this is necessary. Einstein believed in a closed universe because he did not believe there can be a place where space ends; a kind of universal boundary where there is space then no space. Einstein's discovery of curvature put and end to this so called "boundary problem." The universe is a seemless whole.
Hope you have enjoyed this jaunt into the 4th dimension!
According to Einstein the universe can be closed. It can be curved back on itself in the 4th dimension. This kind of cosmology is one where the universe is "finite yet unbounded." It is not infinite spatially but still has no boundaries.
The universe can thus be seen as an expanding surface of an hypersphere. We are on this surface and because the universe is expanding we are moving away from the center of this hypesphere as it expands. We, and the universe, are moving away from the center of the 4th dimension.
The fourth dimension is the originating dimension. It is a dimension of space in that we are moving away from its center. It's center would be the Big Bang singularity. But it is the hypersphere that is singular in the beginning.
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